Welsh Journals

an occurrence not uncommon in Welsh; cf. cyfa, for cyfan4, whole," and yma (" here," this place ") for yman (see W.G., p. 181). Compare also names like Bodgadfa (< Bod Gadfan), and Bodfa (< Bodfanf. Ad fan was used in the sense of extremity, border, district, region, retreat, recess (see B.B.C.S., Vol. IV. p. 139, and G.B.G., i.s.v. atuan). M. Loth in the Revue Celtique (Vol. XXXVIII, p. 152) states L'oppose de bann endroit eleve est adfan, plaine." An early instance of the word is found in the Black Book of Carmarthen, where it occurs in the following passage (p. 48) Dyrchafaud maban inadvan y dehev."6 ARDDLEEN. 16 N.W. ARTHLEEN. A.D. 1688. C.D. Arddleen (withal = English th in this, that) is probably compounded from the Welsh words ardd (< gardd, garden ") and lin (< Uin, flax pro- nounced with i = English ee in green). That the article yr once preceded the word is shown by the mutated form ardd. The original form of the name was Yr Ardd Lin, The Flax Plantation."? An interesting parallel is found in W.D., fo. 69, where reference is made to the common land of the township of Cynhinfa as "Yr Ardd RigS conteyninge aboute two Bushell seednes of Rye of the poole9 measure." Llin is frequently found as a place-name element in Wales. E.g., Cae'r Llin, The Field of the Flax," in Caernarvonshire; Pant y Llin, The Hollov of the Flax," in Anglesey; Bryn Llin, The Hill of the Flax," in Merioneth- shire. Compare also Irish place-names like Coolaleen (Limerick) < Cuil-a'-leen, The Recess of the Flax Crockaleen (Cork), The Hill of the Flax Gortaleen, The Flax Plantation," corresponding to the Welsh Gardd Lin or (Yr) Ardd Lin. The Welsh word for hemp," cywarch, occurs in the names Cwm Cywarch (now spelt Cowarch), and Glyn Cywarch, both in Merionethshire. ASTON. 38 S.W. Estune, A.D. 1086, D.B.; Aston, A.D. 1274, M.C. XXXI., 291; Astoi, A.D. 1277, Cl.R.; Aston, A.D. 1344, B.M. III., 712; Eston, A.D. 1382, Pat. R. Aston, A.D. 1538, B.M. (index s.v.). 4. In his Welsh-English Dictionary, William Salesbury gives Kyfa ne Kyfan Hole," i.e. Kyfa or Kyfan, whole." 5. See "Anglesey Place-Names," p.p. 17, 19. 6. There will arise a boy in the retreat (?) of the south." 7. See M.O., Vol. ix., p. 400. 8. I.e., Yr Ardd Ryg, The Eye Plantation (rhyg = rye. ) 9. I.e., Welshpool.