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SOME SIDELIGHTS ON CAMBRO-DUTCH RELATIONS* (With special reference to Humphrey Llwyd and Abrahamus Ortelius) By DR. THEODORE MAX CHOTZEN. (Librarian of the Peace Library, The Hague). SINCE my first and hesitating steps in the field of Celtic and Welsh philology, I have had to answer more than once to a question which never fails to embarass me; namely, why, being a Dutchman, I was moved to take a special interest in this remote domain. To pretend that I did so because of the interesting relations between the Celtic countries and the Netherland would be a distortion of the truth, for as a matter of fact, when I first followed the irresistible call from the Forest of Broceliande, I had not the slightest notion of the instances of military, ecclesiastical, economic, and learned intercourse which are the subject of this address. But lest you might conceive a much too grand idea of these relations, I must forewarn you that they were of an intermittent and often individual character. Far from being able to draw a complete and clear-cut picture, I must confine myself, therefore, to a disconnected survey. Cambro-Dutch relations, then, date back to the early twelfth century, and started under most unpromising auspices. If I add, moreover, that I am taking to-night the term Dutch, or better, Netherlandish, not in the actual political, but in an ethnical sense,, you will understand at once that I am alluding to events of 1107, when Flemish emigrants, following the track of Cunedda Wledig of old were transplanted by the King's Address delivered at a meeting of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, on 29th January, 1937. Chairman Robert Richards, M.A., M.P. 1 See P. Geyl, The Revolt of the Netherlands (London, 1932), pp. 18-19. The term Dutch has the disadvantage (in the sixteenth century at least) of including Low-German. Welsh Isalmaenog makes matters still worse. Why not Iseldireg ?